With the rapid development of laser technology, high-tech laser cutting machines have penetrated into all walks of life. I believe that many people in the industry are familiar with laser cutting machines. How much do you know about the structure of the laser cutting machine?
Structural composition of laser cutting machine
Laser cutting machine is composed of laser generator, cutting head, beam transmission assembly, machine tool table, numerical control system and cooling system.
1. Laser generator
A laser generator is a component that generates a laser light source. For metal cutting, fiber laser generators are commonly used at present. Since laser cutting has very high requirements on the laser light source, not all lasers are suitable for the cutting process.
2. Cutting head
The cutting head is mainly composed of a nozzle, a focusing lens and a focusing tracking system.
1） There are three common types of nozzles on the market: parallel type, convergent type and conical type.
2） The focusing lens focuses the energy of the laser beam and forms a light spot with high energy density. The medium and long focusing lens is suitable for thick plate cutting, and has low requirements on the spacing stability of the tracking system. The short focusing lens is only suitable for thin plate cutting, which requires high spacing stability of the tracking system and greatly reduces the laser output power requirements.
3） Focusing and tracking system The focusing and tracking system is generally composed of a focusing cutting head and a tracking sensor system. The cutting head consists of light guide focusing, water cooling, air blowing and mechanical adjustment parts. The sensor is composed of sensing element and amplification control part. The tracking system is completely different according to the different sensing elements. Here, there are mainly two forms of tracking system, one is the capacitive sensor tracking system, also known as the non-contact tracking system. The other is an inductive sensor tracking system, also known as a contact tracking system.
3. Beam transmission components
The main component of the beam delivery assembly is the refractive mirror, which is used to direct the laser light in the desired direction. The reflector is usually protected by a protective cover, and a clean positive pressure protective gas is introduced to protect the lens from contamination.
Fourth, the machine tool table
The machine tool table is mainly composed of the weighing bed and the driving part, which is used to realize the mechanical part of the X, Y, Z axis movement, and also includes the cutting table.
5. CNC system
The CNC system can mainly control the movement of the machine tool to the X, Y and Z axes, and can also control parameters such as power and speed during cutting.
6. Cooling system
The cooling system is mainly a chiller, which is used to cool the laser generator. For example, the electro-optical conversion rate of the laser is 33%, and about 67% of the electrical energy is converted into heat energy. In order to ensure the normal operation of the equipment, the chiller needs to be cooled by water to reduce the temperature of the whole machine.
